Ovens are essential laboratory instruments used for heating, drying, and sterilising various materials and samples. They provide controlled temperature settings, allowing for precise experimentation in fields such as biology, chemistry, and materials science. Laboratory ovens come in various types, including conventional ovens, vacuum ovens, and drying ovens, each designed for specific applications. Conventional ovens are ideal for general heating and drying tasks, while vacuum ovens minimise oxidation and moisture absorption during drying processes. Some ovens also feature programmable controls and digital displays, enabling users to set specific temperature profiles for complex experiments. By ensuring uniform heating and consistent results, laboratory ovens play a crucial role in sample preparation, material testing, and quality control in research and industrial settings.